From: abrody@worldweb.net (Don't Panic)
Subject: Type-1-FAQ-9-28-95.txt

Folks,
Anyone who has not heard the answer to this FAQ should read this:
Why does my ...
Application unexpectedly quit?
Finder report a Type 1, 2, 3, or 28 error?
Finder report an F-line error?
Finder report a BusError (Type 1)?

All four of these happen basically due to any of the following problems:
Your desktop file is corrupted
Your PRAM is corrupted
An INIT conflict
A fragmented hard drive
Incompatibility with machine or system
Lack of math coprocessor (usually followed by a Finder error 90)
Preference file corrupts
Internet connection through TurboGopher, Fetch, Telnet, Mosaic, Eudora, or
other TCP/IP client application quits with a type 1 error.

Solution:
To uncorrupt (or rebuild) your desktop file, after the About this Macintosh
screen disappears during startup, press the Apple and Option keys
simultaneously.
This results in the loss of file comments in the Get Info of the Finder.

To uncorrupt (or ZAP) your PRAM, hit the Apple, Option, P, and R keys
simulataneously when your Mac starts up. The screen will blink, and when the
Mac is done loading, you will have to reset your control panels to your
desired settings. Also, if you don't want AppleTalk on, zapping the PRAM turns
it on. To fix the AppleTalk problem, just enter the Chooser DA, and turn it
off.

An INIT conflict. Extensions Manager 2.0.1 is Free and available at many sites
on the Net and at Mac BBSs. It is made by Apple, and allows you to select
which INITs (Extensions in System 7) are loaded. Sometimes the conflicting
INIT can be loaded by itself without any problems. If you isolate the
conflicting INIT, try renaming it either the last or the first name in the
alphabet of INITs. Entering a space in the name puts it before the other INITs
that begin with a number or alphabet character. Control keys are even earlier.
Finally, all programs that do not require extensions loaded, will work fine
with all extensions off. To turn off all extensions, press the SHIFT key upon
startup.  Conflict Catcher 3.0 by Cassady & Green (commercial) will also
all this, but it has a much more sophisticated system for catching INIT
conflicts.

Two utilities are available commercially to fix fragmented hard drives: Speed
Disk (by Norton), and DiskExpress by Alsoft (I forget who bought Alsoft, but
somebody will probably reply to this FAQ mentioning who did). Turn off all
your extensions except the DiskExpress control panel (if using Alsoft's
product), when you do a defragmentation.

For preference files that corrupt, Virex (commercial), the virus detection
program can detect the individual preference file that got corrupted.
There may be other software to detect corrupted preference files, but that
is the only one I am aware of.  Removing the preference file once isolated,
will fix the problem.

If none of these solutions appear to fix the problem, then you need to contact
the author and tell them what System you are running, the RAM installed on your
system, whether your machine has an FPU, and what machine you are using.
The system can be found by selecting About This Macintosh (or About Finder)
>From the Apple Menu when you are in the Finder.
The RAM installed is also in that window.  The author can tell you if the
software is compatible with your machine.

All LC machines lack FPUs (except those that have had them specifically
 installed).  Please note, all Blackbird 68040 Powerbooks lack FPUs, even
 if they are not advertised as such (the exception may come with the
 PowerMac upgrade due later this year).



In addition there are times when too much multi-tasking may cause a BusError.
This is due to the fact that some machines have pathways half the size of
the CPU leading to the CPU.  The 68020 is a 32bit CPU, with 16bit pathways.
Hence there is a logjam of information.  Similarly, the PowerPC 601 and 603
processors have a 64bit processor with a 32bit Bus.   Only True 68030,
68040 (Quadra AVs, some 63x, 700, 800, 900 series), and PowerPC 604s are
devoid of this problem along with the FPU problem. PowerPC chips have a
built in FPU, and SoftFPU for PowerMac (shareware) will make it so that
programs requiring the external FPU notice the one in the PowerPC.

Internet type 1 errors.  Your connection was improperly setup before you
attempted loading the TCP/IP client application.  Connect to a registered
Domain Nameserver before attempting to load any TCP/IP.  If you don't know
how to do this, I'd be happy to help with any MacPPP style connection for
single user connections.

Above all, read the documentation that comes with the software. Most of the
time the author specifies what is required in the documentation.  If there
is no documentation use the software at your own risk.

Standard disclaimers apply.

Hope this helps.
Sincerely,
ABRODY@worldweb.net