green G. Chen
Internet-Draft Q. Wu
Intended status: Standards Track Huawei
Expires: 3 September 2025 E. Stephan
Orange
O. G. D. Dios
Telefonica I+D
C. Pignataro
North Carolina State University
S. Han
China Unicom
2 March 2025
A Network Topology Data Model for Energy Efficiency Management
draft-cwbgp-green-topology-energy-management-00
Abstract
This document defines a YANG Network Topology Data Model that can be
used for Energy Efficiency Management within a network. The model
provides both network-centric view of energy consumption of network
devices and device view of energy consumption of individual
components within network devices.
Discussion Venues
This note is to be removed before publishing as an RFC.
Discussion of this document takes place on the Network Inventory YANG
Working Group mailing list (inventory-yang@ietf.org), which is
archived at https://mailarchive.ietf.org/arch/browse/inventory-yang/.
Source for this draft and an issue tracker can be found at
https://github.com/boucadair/draft-cwbgp-energy-saving-management.
Status of This Memo
This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute
working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet-
Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.
Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
This Internet-Draft will expire on 3 September 2025.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2025 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (https://trustee.ietf.org/
license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document.
Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights
and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components
extracted from this document must include Revised BSD License text as
described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are
provided without warranty as described in the Revised BSD License.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction
1.1. Notes to the RFC Editor
2. Conventions and Definitions
3. YANG Prefixes
4. Energy Saving Management Data Model Overview
4.1. Overview
4.2. Energy Saving Management Network Model
5. Network Topology Energy Efficiency Management YANG Module
6. Security Considerations
7. IANA Considerations
7.1. The "IETF XML" Registry
7.2. The "YANG Module Names" Registry
8. References
8.1. Normative References
8.2. Informative References
Acknowledgments
Authors' Addresses
1. Introduction
With the growth of networks and the increase of awareness about the
environmental impact, it is important to ensure energy efficiency in
the operation of network infrastructures. Operators are thus seeking
for more information to reflect the power consumption of a network
and the contribution of involved nodes.
However, there are no standard mechanisms to report and control
dynamic power usage or energy consumption of different networking
equipment under different network configuration and conditions. For
example, in a 'Tidal network' in which traffic volume undergoes
significant fluctuations at different times, various energy
management methods might be envisaged to optimize the energy
efficiency at the network scale, e.g., by selectively disabling ports
or cards on specific network nodes based on (forecast) traffic
patterns.
This document defines YANG modules for use in energy management
within a network. The modules cover both network and device levels
(Section 3.5.1 of [I-D.ietf-netmod-rfc8407bis]). The modules can be
used, e.g., for monitoring the energy consumption of network devices,
such as (but are not limited to) routers, switches, security
gateways, hosts, or servers. Where applicable, device monitoring
extends to the individual components of the device.
The network model augments the "ietf-network" module [RFC8345], with
the following rationale:
* Required parameters to monitor, control, and adjust nodes and
components behaviors are added to the network topology as this
allows operator to better assess the implications on node-specific
action on the overall network.
The document leverages types defined in [RFC3418] and [RFC6933].
1.1. Notes to the RFC Editor
Note to the RFC Editor: This section is to be removed prior to
publication.
This document contains placeholder values that need to be replaced
with finalized values at the time of publication. This note
summarizes all the substitutions that are needed.
Please apply the following replacements:
* XXXX --> the RFC number assigned to this I-D
* 2024-01-23 --> the actual date of the publication of this document
2. Conventions and Definitions
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
"OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in
BCP 14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all
capitals, as shown here.
The meanings of the symbols in the YANG tree diagrams are defined in
[RFC8340].
The document uses the terms defined in [I-D.bclp-green-terminology]
and [I-D.ietf-ivy-network-inventory-yang].
3. YANG Prefixes
Names of data nodes and other data model objects are prefixed using
the standard prefix associated with the corresponding YANG imported
modules, as shown in Table 1.
+======+======================+=====================================+
|Prefix|YANG Module |Reference |
+======+======================+=====================================+
|ianahw|iana-hardware |[IANA_YANG] |
+------+----------------------+-------------------------------------+
|ni |ietf-network-inventory|[I-D.ietf-ivy-network-inventory-yang]|
+------+----------------------+-------------------------------------+
|yang |ietf-yang-types |[RFC6991] |
+------+----------------------+-------------------------------------+
Table 1: Prefixes and Corresponding YANG modules
4. Energy Saving Management Data Model Overview
4.1. Overview
"ietf-ntw-energy-saving" augments the node of abstract network model
defined in [RFC8345] with energy consumption and power usage related
attributes. At the network element level, the data model covers
configuration of the energy saving mode and a set of related
parameters to manage (e.g., retrieve or adjust) the status of power
units, fans, boards, cards, ports, processors, and links. For
example, the adjustment methods include frequency tuning, shutdown,
or sleep mode. In addition, the methods also support the energy
saving configuration for the 'tidal' traffic flow, where related
components can be turned off, e.g., during "idle" hours to optimize
the energy consumption and then woken up based on some triggered
(e.g., busy hours or other scheduled events).
The data model defines energy saving modes representing some energy
consumption levels, which are basic, standard, or deep. For each
consumption level, there is a combination of methods to reach the
energy saving target level.
At the component level, the data model includes a set of monitoring
statistics for energy consumption and energy saving operational state
of each component within the network device.
4.2. Energy Saving Management Network Model
The structure of the ESM Network Model is depicted in Figure 1.
module: ietf-ntw-energy-saving
augment /nw:networks/nw:network/nw:node:
+--ro energy-power-consumption {esm-common:energy-saving}?
| +--ro total-energy-consumption? yang:gauge64
| +--ro saved-energy? yang:gauge64
| +--ro eer? decimal64
+--rw energy-saving-modes {esm-common:energy-saving}?
| +--rw energy-saving-mode* [mode]
| +--rw mode identityref
| +--rw energy-saving-method* identityref
+--ro component* [name] {esm-common:energy-saving}?
+--ro name string
+--ro class identityref
+--ro energy-monitoring
+--ro energy-consumption
| +--ro average-power? yang:gauge64
| +--ro saved-power? yang:gauge64
| +--ro real-power? yang:gauge64
| +--ro actual-volts? int32
| +--ro actual-amperes? int32
| +--ro actual-celsius? int32
+--ro energy-saving
+--ro enabled? boolean
+--ro power-state? identityref
Figure 1: ESM Network Model Tree Structure
5. Network Topology Energy Efficiency Management YANG Module
The module imports "ietf-network" [RFC8345] and "ietf-energy-saving-
common".
<CODE BEGINS> file "ietf-ntw-energy-saving@2024-01-23.yang"
module ietf-ntw-energy-saving {
yang-version 1.1;
namespace "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-ntw-energy-saving";
prefix esm-ntw;
import ietf-energy-efficiency-common {
prefix esm-common;
reference
"RFC XXXX: YANG Data Models for Energy Saving Management";
}
import ietf-network {
prefix nw;
reference
"RFC 8345: A YANG Data Model for Network Topologies";
}
import ietf-yang-types {
prefix yang;
reference
"RFC 6991: Common YANG Types";
}
import iana-hardware {
prefix ianahw;
reference
"https://www.iana.org/assignments/iana-hardware/iana-hardware.xhtml";
}
organization
"IETF XXX Working Group.";
contact
"WG Web: <https://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/xxx/>;
WG List: <mailto:xxxx@ietf.org>
Author: Gen Chen
<mailto:chengen@huawei.com>
Editor: Qin Wu
<mailto:bill.wu@huawei.com>
Editor: XXX XXXX
<mailto:xxx.xxx@orange.com>
Author: Carlos Pignataro
<mailto:cpignata@gmail.com>";
description
"This module contains a collection of YANG definitions for power
and energy management of devices. It also augments both the
network topology and inventory models.
Copyright (c) 2024 IETF Trust and the persons
identified as authors of the code. All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or
without modification, is permitted pursuant to, and subject
to the license terms contained in, the Revised BSD License
set forth in Section 4.c of the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions
Relating to IETF Documents
(https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info).
This version of this YANG module is part of RFC XXXX; see
the RFC itself for full legal notices.";
revision 2024-01-23 {
description
"Initial revision.";
reference
"RFC XXXX: YANG Data Models for Energy Saving Management";
}
augment "/nw:networks/nw:network/nw:node" {
if-feature "esm-common:energy-saving";
description
"Energy monitoring data for network elements.";
container energy-power-consumption {
config false;
description
"Statistics data about energy and power monitoring.";
uses esm-common:energy-power-consumption-stats;
leaf start-time {
type yang:date-and-time;
description
"The time (in hundredths of a second) since the
network management portion of the system was last
re-initialized. It corresponds to the sysUpTime MIB object.
It specifies the start time of the energy measurement
results collection.";
reference
"RFC 3418: Management Information Base (MIB) for the
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)";
}
}
container energy-saving-modes {
description
"List of the energy saving mode.";
uses esm-common:energy-saving-modes;
}
list component {
key name;
config false;
description
"List of components.";
leaf name {
type string;
description
"The name assigned to this component.
This name is not required to be the same as
entPhysicalName.";
}
leaf class {
type identityref {
base ianahw:hardware-class;
}
mandatory true;
description
"An indication of the general hardware type of the
component.";
reference
"RFC 6933: Entity MIB (Version 4) - entPhysicalClass";
}
container energy-monitoring {
description
"Energy monitoring data for components.";
container energy-consumption {
description
"Statistics of component about energy monitoring.";
uses esm-common:energy-consumption-data;
}
container energy-saving {
description
"Controls energy saving parameters of a component.";
leaf enabled {
type boolean;
default "true";
description
"Controls whether the energy-saving
of the component is enabled (when set to true)
or disabled (set to false).";
}
leaf power-state {
type identityref {
base esm-common:energy-saving-power-state;
}
description
"The device energy saving operator state.";
}
}
}
}
}
}
<CODE ENDS>
6. Security Considerations
This section is modeled after the template described in Section 3.7
of [I-D.ietf-netmod-rfc8407bis].
The "ietf-ntw-energy-saving" YANG module defines a data model that is
designed to be accessed via YANG-based management protocols, such as
NETCONF [RFC6241] and RESTCONF [RFC8040]. These protocols have to
use a secure transport layer (e.g., SSH [RFC4252], TLS [RFC8446], and
QUIC [RFC9000]) and have to use mutual authentication.
The Network Configuration Access Control Model (NACM) [RFC8341]
provides the means to restrict access for particular NETCONF or
RESTCONF users to a preconfigured subset of all available NETCONF or
RESTCONF protocol operations and content.
There are several data nodes defined in this YANG module that are
writable/creatable/deletable (i.e., config true, which is the
default). These data nodes may be considered sensitive or vulnerable
in some network environments. Write operations (e.g., edit-config)
to these data nodes without proper protection can have a negative
effect on network operations. Specifically, the following subtrees
and data nodes have particular sensitivities/vulnerabilities:
energy-saving-modes: This leaf specifies the energy saving mode set
globally on a device.
esm-ntw:energy-saving/esm-ntw:enabled: This leaf enable/disables
energy saving state of specific component.
Some of the readable data nodes in this YANG module may be
considered sensitive or vulnerable in some network environments.
It is thus important to control read access (e.g., via get, get-
config, or notification) to these data nodes. Specifically, the
following subtrees and data nodes have particular sensitivities/
vulnerabilities:
'TBC': ....
7. IANA Considerations
7.1. The "IETF XML" Registry
This document requests IANA to register the following URIs in the
"ns" sub-registry within the "IETF XML Registry" [RFC3688]:
URI: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-ntw-energy-saving
Registrant Contact: The IESG.
XML: N/A, the requested URIs are XML namespaces.
7.2. The "YANG Module Names" Registry
This document requests IANA to register the following YANG modules in
the "YANG Module Names" registry [RFC6020] within the "YANG
Parameters" registry group.
name: ietf-ntw-energy-saving
prefix: esm-ntw
namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-ntw-energy-saving
Maintained by IANA? N
Reference: RFC XXXX
8. References
8.1. Normative References
[I-D.ietf-ivy-network-inventory-yang]
Yu, C., Belotti, S., Bouquier, J., Peruzzini, F., and P.
Bedard, "A Base YANG Data Model for Network Inventory",
Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-ivy-network-
inventory-yang-05, 28 February 2025,
<https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-ivy-
network-inventory-yang-05>.
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2119>.
[RFC3688] Mealling, M., "The IETF XML Registry", BCP 81, RFC 3688,
DOI 10.17487/RFC3688, January 2004,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3688>.
[RFC6020] Bjorklund, M., Ed., "YANG - A Data Modeling Language for
the Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF)", RFC 6020,
DOI 10.17487/RFC6020, October 2010,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6020>.
[RFC6991] Schoenwaelder, J., Ed., "Common YANG Data Types",
RFC 6991, DOI 10.17487/RFC6991, July 2013,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6991>.
[RFC8174] Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC
2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174,
May 2017, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8174>.
[RFC8341] Bierman, A. and M. Bjorklund, "Network Configuration
Access Control Model", STD 91, RFC 8341,
DOI 10.17487/RFC8341, March 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8341>.
[RFC8345] Clemm, A., Medved, J., Varga, R., Bahadur, N.,
Ananthakrishnan, H., and X. Liu, "A YANG Data Model for
Network Topologies", RFC 8345, DOI 10.17487/RFC8345, March
2018, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8345>.
8.2. Informative References
[I-D.bclp-green-terminology]
Liu, P. C., Boucadair, M., Wu, Q., Contreras, L. M., and
M. Palmero, "Terminology for Energy Efficiency Network
Management", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-bclp-
green-terminology-00, 10 October 2024,
<https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-bclp-green-
terminology-00>.
[I-D.cprjgf-bmwg-powerbench]
Pignataro, C., Jacob, R., Fioccola, G., and Q. Wu,
"Characterization and Benchmarking Methodology for Power
in Networking Devices", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft,
draft-cprjgf-bmwg-powerbench-04, 30 January 2025,
<https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-cprjgf-bmwg-
powerbench-04>.
[I-D.cx-opsawg-green-metrics]
Clemm, A., Dong, L., Mirsky, G., Ciavaglia, L., Tantsura,
J., Odini, M., Schooler, E., Rezaki, A., and C. Pignataro,
"Green Networking Metrics", Work in Progress, Internet-
Draft, draft-cx-opsawg-green-metrics-02, 4 March 2024,
<https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-cx-opsawg-
green-metrics-02>.
[I-D.ietf-netmod-rfc8407bis]
Bierman, A., Boucadair, M., and Q. Wu, "Guidelines for
Authors and Reviewers of Documents Containing YANG Data
Models", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-
netmod-rfc8407bis-22, 14 January 2025,
<https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-netmod-
rfc8407bis-22>.
[I-D.manral-bmwg-power-usage]
Manral, V., Sharma, P., Banerjee, S., and Y. Ping,
"Benchmarking Power usage of networking devices", Work in
Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-manral-bmwg-power-usage-
04, 12 March 2013, <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/
draft-manral-bmwg-power-usage-04>.
[RFC3418] Presuhn, R., Ed., "Management Information Base (MIB) for
the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)", STD 62,
RFC 3418, DOI 10.17487/RFC3418, December 2002,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3418>.
[RFC4252] Ylonen, T. and C. Lonvick, Ed., "The Secure Shell (SSH)
Authentication Protocol", RFC 4252, DOI 10.17487/RFC4252,
January 2006, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4252>.
[RFC6241] Enns, R., Ed., Bjorklund, M., Ed., Schoenwaelder, J., Ed.,
and A. Bierman, Ed., "Network Configuration Protocol
(NETCONF)", RFC 6241, DOI 10.17487/RFC6241, June 2011,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6241>.
[RFC6933] Bierman, A., Romascanu, D., Quittek, J., and M.
Chandramouli, "Entity MIB (Version 4)", RFC 6933,
DOI 10.17487/RFC6933, May 2013,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6933>.
[RFC8040] Bierman, A., Bjorklund, M., and K. Watsen, "RESTCONF
Protocol", RFC 8040, DOI 10.17487/RFC8040, January 2017,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8040>.
[RFC8340] Bjorklund, M. and L. Berger, Ed., "YANG Tree Diagrams",
BCP 215, RFC 8340, DOI 10.17487/RFC8340, March 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8340>.
[RFC8446] Rescorla, E., "The Transport Layer Security (TLS) Protocol
Version 1.3", RFC 8446, DOI 10.17487/RFC8446, August 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8446>.
[RFC9000] Iyengar, J., Ed. and M. Thomson, Ed., "QUIC: A UDP-Based
Multiplexed and Secure Transport", RFC 9000,
DOI 10.17487/RFC9000, May 2021,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9000>.
Acknowledgments
This work has benefited from the discussions that occurred during the
Sustainable Networking Side Meeting in IETF#117 and the "e-impact"
IAB workshop. In particular, [I-D.cx-opsawg-green-metrics] assess
several sustainability-related attributes such as power consumption,
energy efficiency, and carbon footprint associated with a network,
its equipment, and the services that are provided over it and suggest
a set of metrics that provide network observability and can be used
to optimize a network's "greenness". [I-D.manral-bmwg-power-usage]
and [I-D.cprjgf-bmwg-powerbench] provide suggestions for measuring
power usage of live networks under different traffic loads and
various switch router configuration settings.
Authors' Addresses
Gen Chen
Huawei
China
Email: chengen@huawei.com
Qin Wu
Huawei
China
Email: bill.wu@huawei.com
Emile Stephan
Orange
France
Email: emile.stephan@orange.com
Oscar Gonzales de Dios
Telefonica I+D
Spain
Email: oscar.gonzalezdedios@telefonica.com
Carlos Pignataro
North Carolina State University
United States of America
Email: cpignata@gmail.com
Sai Han
China Unicom
China
Email: hans29@chinaunicom.cn